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吴昌硕绘画的题材以花卉为主,亦偶作山水。前期得到任颐指点,后又参用赵之谦画法,并博采徐渭、八大、石涛和扬州八怪诸家之长,兼用篆、隶、狂草笔意入画,色酣墨饱,雄健古拙,亦创新貌。
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其作品重整体,尚气势,认为“奔放处不离法度,精微处照顾气魄”,富有金石气。讲求用笔、施墨、敷彩、题款、钤印等的疏密轻重,配合得宜。吴昌硕自言:“我平生得力之处在于能以作书之法作画。”
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他以篆笔写梅兰,狂草作葡萄。所作花卉木石,笔力老辣,气势雄强,布局新颖,构图也近书印的章法布白,喜取“之”字和“女”字格局,或作对角斜势。用色上似赵之谦,喜用浓丽对比的颜色,尤善用西洋红,色泽浓艳。
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吴昌硕曾短暂涉足官场,但不随俗流,有荷“不染”之清雅,尝自号为“破荷亭长”。
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吴昌硕画荷多为“醉墨团团”的茂盛之荷,其曾效仿八大和石涛,有诗说八大梦中“督我把笔画荷”,也有题为“拟石涛”之荷,他说:“画荷最忌呆黑,初学者往往会犯这个毛病,雪个说大写,又说泼墨并非可以漫不经心,必须粗中有细,从大片水墨中显示出分明层次来才好!”
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吴昌硕画荷兼用篆、隶、狂草笔意入画,色酣墨饱,雄健古拙,构图盈满,层次鲜明,生机勃发。
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他的荷花白莲如玉人,红莲如贵妇,华滋清新,娇而不艳,荷叶硕大如盖,俯仰向背,姿态可人,在这炎炎夏日,赏其笔下墨气淋漓的荷花,自有一份别样的风雅与情趣。
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